Crusher related basics

Answer: The specification of jaw crusher is expressed by the width and length of the mine mouth. For example, the crusher with a width of 600mm and a length of 900mm is expressed as a 600×900 jaw crusher.

When the width of the ore mouth is greater than 600mm, it is set to be large; the width of the ore mouth is 300-600mm, which is determined to be medium-sized; for those with less than 300mm, the small jaw crusher is designated.

2. What should I pay attention to when operating the jaw crusher?

A: Before start the crusher, the crushing chamber should check the presence or absence or iron ore, a crusher to ensure safe start under load, when starting the crusher large, should start the pump motor, and observe the oil pressure, oil flow indicator If the device is normal, then turn on the main motor. After a certain period of time after starting, the normal turning speed can be achieved. When the machine has no abnormal sound or knocking sound, it is allowed to feed the mine, and the mine should be evenly distributed to avoid overload.

In operation, always pay attention to the phenomenon that large ore is stuck to the mine. If it is stuck, it should be turned over with an iron hook to remove it; if the ore blocks the broken cavity, the ore should be stopped. When the ore in the cavity is broken and then opened to the mining machine, it is absolutely forbidden to remove the ore from the crushing chamber by hand; Large ore needs to be removed and must be treated with special tools after parking.

During operation, always check the lubrication of each lubrication point. Note that the temperature of the bearing, especially the temperature of the eccentric bearing, must not exceed 60 °C. Frequently check the wear and tear of the discharge port, and adjust the size of the discharge port in time according to the wear situation.

3. How is the cone crusher specification expressed?

A: The cone crusher has the characteristics of large crushing ratio, high efficiency, low power consumption, uniform product size and suitable for crushing hard ore.

The cone crusher currently produced in China is divided into three types: standard type, medium type and short head type. The specification of the crusher is expressed by the size of the bottom diameter of the moving cone, for example, φ1750 standard type, and the diameter of the bottom of the moving cone is 1750mm.

4. What is the main difference between the standard, medium and short head cone crushers?

A: The basic structure and working principle of these three crushers are the same, but the shape of the crushing cavity is slightly different. The key difference is the broken parallel belt. The short-head type parallel belt is longer, the medium-sized type is second, and the standard type is the shortest.

The parallel belt is longer, the ore and the discharge port are relatively small, and the finer product granularity can be obtained. The short head type is made into fine pieces and placed in the middle of the broken. The standard type is thicker and is usually used as a medium crush after being placed in a squat or gyratory crusher.

5. How does the cone crusher work?

Answer: The broken ore falls from the feeding box to the distribution plate at the upper end of the moving cone, and is evenly sprinkled into the crushing cavity around the moving cone. The crushing process of the ore in the crushing chamber is: the ore falls into the crushing cavity at the moment when the moving cone leaves the side of the fixed cone lining, and the ore is broken for the first time when the moving cone rushes toward the fixed cone, and the moving cone leaves the fixed cone again. At the time, the ore falls into the second broken position. In this way, the ore is discharged from the machine after several drops and breaks, completing the crushing process.

6. What should be paid attention to when operating the cone crusher?

A: After the mine is in the loaded movement, the operator must observe the following:

1. The ore must be uniform and the product size meets the requirements.

2. Pay attention to the operation of the mine and transport belt at any time to avoid blockage accidents.

3. Always check the oil pump, cooler, filter and oil quantity, oil temperature, and return oil temperature should not exceed 60 °C.

4. Check the water-tight drain of the water seal. If there is no water, it is not allowed to run.

5. Pay attention to check the oil pressure of the lock cylinder. The adjustment ring must be operated under the locked state.

6. Regularly check the wear of the lining, pay special attention to the lining fixing bolts on the adjusting ring. If it is loose, it will cause the lining to loosen. After replacing the lining for 24 hours, it should be stopped and fastened once.

7. How to adjust the discharge port of the cone crusher?

Answer: During the crushing process, the moving cone liner and the fixed cone liner are continuously worn, so that the discharge port gradually increases. In order to ensure a certain product granularity, it is necessary to continuously adjust the size of the discharge port with the wear and tear, and the adjustment of the discharge port is achieved by adjusting the zigzag thread between the ring and the support sleeve and lowering the cone liner. . In order to lubricate the toothed threads and to facilitate adjustment and folding, the threads must have sufficient clearance.

Adjusted port of discharge, using methods based lead wire ball, into the crushing chamber through the discharging opening size measured discharge mouth, through the measurement processing that new liner can be, or has been processed to be worn liner Measure 6-8 points. After the discharge port meets the dimensional requirements, use the lock cylinder to lock the adjustment ring, otherwise it is not allowed to drive.

8. What are the requirements for no-load and load test after the cone crusher is overhauled?

A: The no-load test has the following requirements:

1, according to the start-up procedure to start and stop, all relevant chain systems should be in line with technical requirements.

2. The moving cone rotates in the forward or reverse direction (rotation) and should not exceed 15 revolutions per minute.

3. The bevel gear should have no impact and periodic noise.

4. The lubrication system works normally. The oil supply pressure should be in the range of 0.5-1.5kg/cm2, and the return oil temperature should not exceed 50°C (the load test should not exceed 60°C).

5. The hydraulic adjustment device of the hydraulic equipment is locked according to its operating procedure, and the size of the discharge port is adjusted to meet the requirements for use.

6, the normal continuous operation time should not be less than 2 hours, generally to meet the identification requirements.

The load test has the following requirements:

1. Carry out load check on the items in the airborne test run.

2, load test time, to run normally for two days and nights (allow short-term parking check). The ore should be gradually increased, and the first amount should be fully loaded.

3. The ore position should be installed correctly, and the ore should be evenly distributed in the crushing chamber.

4. In the absence of over-iron, the support sleeve should not be bounced, and it can be smoothly eliminated in the case of over-iron.

5. The crusher should not have sharp vibrations and abnormal sounds during the normal crushing process.

9. The construction of the jaw crusher.

A: There are two types of common jaw crushers, namely the upper type and the lower type. Due to the constant width of the discharge port, the upper moving type often has blockages during work, which affects normal work and is now eliminated.

Main components of the lower moving type: 1. The fixed raft is the front wall of the frame; 2. The suspension shaft and the movable sill; 3. The eccentric shaft; 4. The vertical connecting rod; 5. The bracket; 6. The transmission flywheel; , two lining plate; 8, with a spring pull rod; 9, elbow plug; 10, adjustment plate.

10. Working principle of jaw crusher.

Answer: When the motor rotates the eccentric shaft through the belt, the vertical link moves upwards and downwards. When the vertical link is upward, the two brackets are gradually flattened, and the brackets force the movable raft to advance toward the fixed raft. The ore in the space consisting of a fixed raft and a moving raft is broken by being squeezed, split, and flexed. The vertical link moves downward, and the toggle plate and the movable jaw are retracted by the force of the spring and the tie rod. At this time, the discharge port is enlarged, and the broken ore is discharged therefrom. It can be seen that the eccentric machine is a eccentric shaft of intermittent ore with only half a cycle for crushing and half a cycle for discharging, so it has higher power consumption and lower mechanical efficiency than continuous crusher.

11. What are the main factors affecting the jaw crusher work?

A: The main factors affecting the jaw crusher work are the angle of the teeth and the number of revolutions. The angle of the mouth is the angle between the moving jaw and the fixed jaw. If the angle of the mouth is too large, the ore in the crushing chamber will be extruded upward, and the productivity will decrease as the angle of the mouth increases (the crushing ratio increases). Adjusting the size of the discharge port, that is, changing the size of the mouth angle, the size of the discharge port can be adjusted by adjusting the block. Pay attention to the relationship between the crush ratio and the productivity when adjusting the size of the discharge port.

Within a certain range, increasing the number of revolutions of the eccentric shaft can increase the productivity of the crusher, but it also increases the power consumption of crushing the unit weight ore. If the rotation speed is too large, the power consumption of the crushed unit weight ore in the crushing chamber will increase, and the broken material in the crushing chamber will not be discharged, and the plugging phenomenon will occur. On the contrary, the production capacity is reduced and the power consumption is increased.

12. How many oils are commonly used in the oil pump of the cone crusher? Why is the oil used in winter and summer different?

Answer: Because the cone crusher is subjected to a lot of pressure on the moving friction surface, lubrication has a great effect on the crusher. In winter, it is 20 or 30 mechanical oil. The general temperature can be 40# mechanical oil; in summer, 50 can be used. Machinery oil. In the cold regions, the use of No. 10 or No. 15 mechanical oil in winter can meet the normal operation and cycle of the pump.

In the winter, low oil is used, and the oil quality is relatively thin. Under low temperature, the fluidity can be guaranteed. If high-grade oil is used, the oil is thick and the fluidity is not good. If there is no preheating device for heating oil in the room, the oil pump will not work at all.

In summer, the oil number is higher and the oil quality is relatively thick. Because the weather is hot, the room temperature is higher and the oil is thinner. If the oil number is lower in summer, the lubrication effect may not be ideal, and the oil will be lubricated. The oil film was not formed at the point and it quickly flowed away.

13. Working principle of single cylinder hydraulic cone crusher.

A: The weight of the vertical shaft 2 and the moving cone 3 of the crusher are all supported by the internal oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic system includes the hydraulic cylinder 4, the hydraulic tank 5 and the accumulator 6. The hydraulic accumulator is filled with oxygen whose pressure is higher than the oil pressure required for the normal crushing of the crusher. When the discharge port is required to be increased, the oil in the lower hydraulic cylinder of the vertical shaft can be returned to the hydraulic oil tank, and the moving cone is lowered. The discharge port is enlarged. Conversely, if the discharge port is to be reduced, the oil can be pressed from the hydraulic tank into the hydraulic oil to raise the moving cone. When the non-broken object falls into the crushing chamber, the hydraulic pressure of the oil passage is larger than the accumulator, the piston in the hydraulic cylinder is lowered, and the moving cone is also lowered, so that the discharge opening is increased, and the non-crushed material is discharged, thereby achieving insurance. After the object is discharged, the oil pressure is lowered, so that the oxygen pressure is higher than the oil pressure, and the oil entering the accumulator is pressed back to the oil circuit and returned to the hydraulic cylinder, so that the moving cone starts to return to normal. In addition, the oil pressure in the oil passage can be adjusted by the valve, and the hydraulic pressure can be used to grasp the oil pressure change in the hydraulic cylinder. According to the degree on the pressure gauge, the size of the mine can be adjusted according to the production requirements.

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