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Pure zinc has a silver- white metallic luster, but zinc in the air is grayish blue. This is because zinc is chemically active and chemically reacts with water, carbon dioxide and oxygen in the air to form a very thin layer. Basic zinc carbonate:
This film protects the zinc inside from rust. According to this principle, people use zinc to protect iron.
Tinplate, lead wire (galvanized wire), bicycle spokes, hardware parts and instrument screws are all galvanized products. Zinc-plated tin, with a beautiful layer of ice on the surface, that is the crystal of zinc. Tin is much more durable than tinplate. Tinplate is a tin-plated product that will erode quickly as soon as it breaks. Even if the tin sheet breaks a large piece, it will not be corroded very quickly. This is because in the order of metal activity: K, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Sn, Pb, H, Cu, Hg, Ag, Pt, Au, the activity of the metal is weakened by the strong, Zn ratio Fe is lively, and Fe is more active than Sn. Therefore, active Zn is more likely to lose oxidized electrons than oxidized to become divalent ions of zinc, and protects Fe from corrosion. Sn is not as active as Fe, and can only watch as Fe is corroded but can not help. This is why the solder-filled washbasin is worse. Zn is the advantage of this "sacrifice and protect others". People in the sluice gate, underwater steel column, the tail of the ship, the anchor and the inner wall of the boiler, the Zn block is set on the surface of the steel to act as rust-proof. Guardian. The Zn block is continuously rusted and thinned, and eventually replaced by a new Zn block, but it protects its neighboring steel.
According to statistics, 40% of Zn produced worldwide is used to make galvanized steel sheets, pipes and tins. Zn is the loyal guard of Fe. In addition, Zn is also used to make Zn-Cu alloys - brass and dry batteries.
Zinc is one of the essential trace elements in the human body. It is the core component of the human body's various proteins. They play the role of “life gear†for transporting substances and exchanging energy during life activities. If people are deficient in zinc, bone growth and sexual development will be affected. People who are deficient in zinc often show symptoms such as poor appetite, insensitivity to taste, and difficulty in healing. However, excessive intake of zinc is harmful to the human body, causing dizziness, vomiting and diarrhea.
Zinc is also an indispensable element in plant growth. Zinc sulfate is a commonly used micronutrient fertilizer.
The main minerals of zinc are sphalerite ZnS, smithsonite ZnCO3, ZnZO ZnO and lead-zinc ore which is often associated with lead ore.
Zinc is similar in chemical properties to cadmium and is similar to copper and aluminum . It is a relatively active metal element.
Zinc is also one of the elements that humans know about their compounds since time immemorial. Zinc ores and copper alloy melt was prepared - brass, as early as the ancient people used. However, the acquisition of metallic zinc is much later than that of copper, iron , tin and lead . It is generally believed that this is due to the fact that when the carbon and the zinc ore are co-heated, the temperature is as high as 1000 ° C or more, and the boiling point of the metallic zinc is 906 ° C. Zinc becomes a vapor state, and it disappears with the smoke. It is not easy to be noticed by ancient people. Only when people master the method of condensing gas, can elemental zinc be obtained.