Re-election test process In the re-election study, the most important task is to select and determine the selection process. Usually determined according to the nature of the ore and with reference to the production practices of similar ores. However, the test process should be more flexible than the raw test process, and the production process is flexible, because what we can understand at the beginning of the test work is only the general law of mineral dressing of this kind, and the special law of ore dressing for the ore studied can only be tested. Gradually understand clearly, so the test process itself must contain many undetermined factors, leaving to be examined during the test. First, the main basis for deciding the re-election process is to determine the internal cause of the ore sorting process is the nature of the ore. For the preparation of re-elected ore, the most important ones are as follows. 1. The degree of muddyness and fragmentation of ore Mines that are high in mud and can be broken by washing can be washed first. Research to determine attached washed-out sludge that can be discarded, or should be sent to sorting it according to the gold sludge is a distribution rate. Some ferrous metal ores, such as manganese oxide ore, and some brown iron ore concentrate in the non-argillaceous useful component part, i.e. it is possible by the washing machine concentrate obtained even richer qualified concentrate. Generally, muddy ore can improve the crushing, grinding and sorting conditions of the ore part by washing and de-slurry, avoid over-pulverization of useful minerals, and reduce the loss rate of metal in the mud ore. Because of the previous “washing into the millâ€, “sludge sand sorting†is the basic experience of China’s re-election of disasters. 2. The depletion rate of ore In order to reduce the cost of beneficiation and increase the on-site production capacity, for the mining of ore with high depletion rate, it should be firstly selected by heavy medium beneficiation, as well as beneficiation methods such as photoelectric selection and hand selection (pre-enrichment) to discard the mining Surrounding rock and stone. The amount of waste rock pre-selected by the heavy medium beneficiation method is generally not less than 30%, and the grade of waste rock should be significantly lower than the grade of the total tailings, otherwise it may not be cost-effective. Some ferrous minerals have sometimes met the requirements for refining according to the common geological grade. However, due to the depletion of the mining process, the ore grade is lower than the smelting requirements. The main task of the selection is to abandon the waste rock to restore the geological grade. . In addition to the heavy medium beneficiation method, other high-efficiency re-election methods such as jigging can also be used for sorting. For the type of stone that mainly uses flotation, magnetic separation and other mineral processing methods to recover useful minerals, when the ore depletion rate is high, it should also be considered to be pre-selected by the heavy medium beneficiation method. The possibility of pre-selection of ore using heavy medium ore dressing can be determined by analyzing the specific gravity components of the sample. Under the condition that the specific gravity of the surrounding rock is greater than the specific gravity of the gangue, if the useful mineral is high in price, low in content, and finely embedded, it is difficult to separate the surrounding rock by heavy medium beneficiation. At this time, only photoelectric selection and other options can be considered. Method pre-selection. 3. The particle size composition of the ore and the metal distribution rate of each grain level This is particularly important for sand deposits, where most of the useful minerals are concentrated in the various intermediate particle sizes: coarse and fine mud, especially in large gravels, where the useful content is very low, thus Generally available Separating waste rock by washing and sieving 4. The characteristics of the useful minerals in the ore The embedding characteristics of useful minerals: Determine the process structure of the beneficiation, including the selection of the particle size, the number of selected sections; and a series of basic problems such as the treatment method of the mine. Due to the efficiency of the re-election process, as the particle size of the material becomes smaller, it is obviously removed. Therefore, for ore with different thickness and inequality, the ore should be in accordance with the principle of “accepting early harvest†and “can lose earlyâ€. , using the stage selection process. Naturally, economic principles must also be considered when deciding on the number of escapes. If the useful mineral value is high, and it is easy to muddy, or the scale of the plant is large, more sorting segments can be used; for base metals or small plants, a simpler process should be adopted. Generally speaking, the sorting particle size of the first stage, that is, the selected particle size, should be selected so that the metal recovered by the sorting section is not less than 30%, or the tailings yield of the thrown is not less than 30%. The inlaid particle size characteristics of the ore are usually provided by microscopically identified data. It should be recognized that although the particle size of the dissociation of useful mineral monomers is primarily dependent on its inlaid particle size in the ore, it is not completely equal. Therefore, in order to determine the particle size of the ore, it is better to have the analysis of the specific gravity of the ore under different crushing sizes, which can directly tell us about the separation of mineral monomers under different crushing sizes. It is difficult to prepare only by heavy liquid with a dry specific gravity greater than 3.2. At present, the analysis of specific gravity components of ore is mainly limited to the case where the separation specific gravity does not exceed 3.2, such as heavy medium dressing. In order to separate the heavy minerals with higher specific gravity, the crushing granularity necessary before the selection can only be based on the identification data of the rock and minerals. It is directly determined by the mineral processing test. In fact, the basic task of the re-election process test is to determine the ore. The size of the candidate and the number of segments selected. 5. The nature and content of symbiotic heavy minerals in ore and their relationship with the main useful minerals. At present, it mainly relies on the re-election method to select some of the main useful minerals. The difference in specific gravity from the gangue is large enough to be easily separated by re-election method. However, when it contains symbiotic heavy minerals, the difference in specific gravity between symbiotic heavy minerals is They are often very small, and it is difficult to separate them completely during the selection process. Instead, they can only be recycled into the re-election of coarse concentrates (fine concentrates). The next step is to use magnetic, electric, floating, re-election and chemical treatment. The combined process is separated and recovered. The mutual inlay relationship between the symbiotic heavy minerals determines the treatment method for selecting the medium ore. Sometimes, due to the dense symbiosis of heavy minerals, the so-called “difficult-selected oreâ€, which is composed of a part of the main symbiotic heavy minerals, will inevitably be produced in the selection. It cannot be sorted by ordinary mechanical beneficiation methods, but can only be sent directly to smelting. deal with. For example, a cassiterite ore and residual slope sand deposit in a mining area in Yunnan is a severely weathered cassiterite polymetallic sulphide deposit containing a large amount of iron sulfide. The ore contains 15 to 25% iron and is in the form of ferric hydroxide (brown iron). Minerals, etc. exist, these iron minerals contain fine cassiterite, as well as zinc , copper , arsenic , antimony , molybdenum , cadmium, etc. in the state of fine mineral particles or ion adsorption, which can only be used as a medium ore in the beneficiation process. Smelting and separation. Second, re-election test process example Take the test procedure of tungsten-tin primary vein re-election as an example. According to the determination of the dissociation degree of raw ore monomer, when the ore is broken to 20 mm, the 20~12 mm class monomer dissociation degree is <10%, and the 12~6 mm class is 10~30%, 0.5~0.3. The millimeter level can reach more than 90%. The war was initially determined to have a particle size of 12 mm and a final crushing particle size of 0.5 mm. Considering the high value of tungsten and tin minerals, the brittleness and easy muddy, it was decided to adopt a multi-stage sorting process. The first stage was crushed to 12 mm, the second stage was milled to 2 mm, and the third section was ground. 0.5 mm. In the exploratory experiment phase, the first step can be carried out according to the process shown in Figure 6-8. The test has two tasks: (1) Advance to determine whether the selected candidate granularity is reasonable; (2) Examine the granularity at which the tail can be started. mine. If the test shows that from -12 mm, a sufficient amount of concentrate can be obtained for each coarse grade, it indicates that the selected candidate particle size is basically correct, and if necessary, the coarser sample can be tested to explore and improve the selection. The possibility of granularity. If the test proves that the particle size can be increased, the sample should be replaced for the next test. If the test shows that from the beginning of a 6-meter-meter small can get qualified tip mines, the -12+6 mm grade fine, medium and tailings should be combined, crushed to -6 亳 meters and then the original one is 6 In the millimeter sample, the next test was carried out. It is also possible to take another sample from the ore and crush it to -6 mm and retest it. In the case of the study of ore embedding characteristics and the determination of monomer dissociation, the actual candidate particle size and the estimated value will not differ greatly. After clarifying what granularity can start the problem of concentrate, Should be transferred to examine the size of the tail. If the sample is not pre-selected, and the -12+6 mm class jigging can already yield a considerable yield of waste tailings, a sample of -25 (50) mm should be taken from the ore. Heavy medium beneficiation or jigging test to examine the possibility of using the heavy medium dressing to preselect the tail drop. Under normal circumstances, the effect of coarse-grained grades with heavy medium beneficiation should be better than jigging. Re-election test process In the re-election study, the most important task is to select and determine the selection process. Usually determined according to the nature of the ore and with reference to the production practices of similar ores. However, the test process should be more flexible than the raw test process, and the production process is flexible, because what we can understand at the beginning of the test work is only the general law of mineral dressing of this kind, and the special law of ore dressing for the ore studied can only be tested. Gradually understand clearly, so the test process itself must contain many undetermined factors, leaving to be examined during the test. First, the main basis for deciding the re-election process is to determine the internal cause of the ore sorting process is the nature of the ore. For the preparation of re-elected ore, the most important ones are as follows. 1. The degree of muddyness and fragmentation of ore Mines that are high in mud and can be broken by washing can be depleted first. According to the study of the metal distribution rate in the slime, it can be determined whether the washed mud can be discarded or should be sent to the sorting. Some ferrous minerals, such as certain manganese oxide ore and limonite, are enriched in non-mud fractions, and it is possible to obtain richer concentrates or even qualified concentrates by washing. Generally, muddy ore can improve the crushing, grinding and sorting conditions of the ore part by washing and de-slurry, avoid over-pulverization of useful minerals, and reduce the loss rate of metal in the mud ore. Because of the previous “washing into the millâ€, “sludge sand sorting†is the basic experience of China’s re-election of disasters. 2. The depletion rate of ore In order to reduce the cost of beneficiation and increase the on-site production capacity, for the mining of ore with high depletion rate, it should be firstly selected by heavy medium beneficiation, as well as beneficiation methods such as photoelectric selection and hand selection (pre-enrichment) to discard the mining Surrounding rock and stone. The amount of waste rock pre-selected by the heavy medium beneficiation method is generally not less than 30%, and the grade of waste rock should be significantly lower than the grade of the total tailings, otherwise it may not be cost-effective. Some ferrous minerals have sometimes met the requirements for refining according to the common geological grade. However, due to the depletion of the mining process, the ore grade is lower than the smelting requirements. The main task of the selection is to abandon the waste rock to restore the geological grade. . In addition to the heavy medium beneficiation method, other high-efficiency re-election methods such as jigging can also be used for sorting. For the type of stone that mainly uses flotation, magnetic separation and other mineral processing methods to recover useful minerals, when the ore depletion rate is high, it should also be considered to be pre-selected by the heavy medium beneficiation method. The possibility of pre-selection of ore using heavy medium ore dressing can be determined by analyzing the specific gravity components of the sample. Under the condition that the specific gravity of the surrounding rock is greater than the specific gravity of the gangue, if the useful mineral is high in price, low in content, and finely embedded, it is difficult to separate the surrounding rock by heavy medium beneficiation. At this time, only photoelectric selection and other options can be considered. Method pre-selection. 3. The particle size composition of the ore and the metal distribution rate of each grain level This is particularly important for sand deposits, where most of the useful minerals are concentrated in the various intermediate particle sizes: coarse and fine mud, especially in large gravels, where the useful content is very low, thus Generally, the waste rock can be separated by washing and sieving. 4. Embedding characteristics of useful minerals in ore The embedding characteristics of useful minerals: Determine the process structure of the beneficiation, including the selection of the particle size, the number of selected sections; and a series of basic problems such as the treatment method of the mine. Due to the efficiency of the re-election process, as the particle size of the material becomes smaller, it is obviously removed. Therefore, for ore with different thickness and inequality, the ore should be in accordance with the principle of “accepting early harvest†and “can lose earlyâ€. , using the stage selection process. Naturally, economic principles must also be considered when deciding on the number of escapes. If the useful mineral value is high, and it is easy to muddy, or the scale of the plant is large, more sorting segments can be used; for base metals or small plants, a simpler process should be adopted. Generally speaking, the sorting particle size of the first stage, that is, the selected particle size, should be selected so that the metal recovered by the sorting section is not less than 30%, or the tailings yield of the thrown is not less than 30%. The inlaid particle size characteristics of the ore are usually provided by microscopically identified data. It should be recognized that although the particle size of the dissociation of useful mineral monomers is primarily dependent on its inlaid particle size in the ore, it is not completely equal. Therefore, in order to determine the particle size of the ore, it is better to have the analysis of the specific gravity of the ore under different crushing sizes, which can directly tell us about the separation of mineral monomers under different crushing sizes. It is difficult to prepare only by heavy liquid with a dry specific gravity greater than 3.2. At present, the analysis of specific gravity components of ore is mainly limited to the case where the separation specific gravity does not exceed 3.2, such as heavy medium dressing. In order to separate the heavy minerals with higher specific gravity, the crushing granularity necessary before the selection can only be based on the identification data of the rock and minerals. It is directly determined by the mineral processing test. In fact, the basic task of the re-election process test is to determine the ore. The size of the candidate and the number of segments selected. 5. The nature and content of symbiotic heavy minerals in ore and their relationship with the main useful minerals. At present, it mainly relies on the re-election method to select some of the main useful minerals. The difference in specific gravity from the gangue is large enough to be easily separated by re-election method. However, when it contains symbiotic heavy minerals, the difference in specific gravity between symbiotic heavy minerals is They are often very small, and it is difficult to separate them completely during the selection process. Instead, they can only be recycled into the re-election of coarse concentrates (fine concentrates). The next step is to use magnetic, electric, floating, re-election and chemical treatment. The combined process is separated and recovered. The mutual inlay relationship between the symbiotic heavy minerals determines the treatment method for selecting the medium ore. Sometimes, due to the dense symbiosis of heavy minerals, the so-called “difficult-selected oreâ€, which is composed of a part of the main symbiotic heavy minerals, will inevitably be produced in the selection. It cannot be sorted by ordinary mechanical beneficiation methods, but can only be sent directly to smelting. deal with. For example, a cassiterite ore and residual slope sand deposit in a mining area in Yunnan is a severely weathered cassiterite polymetallic sulphide deposit containing a large amount of iron sulfide. The ore contains 15 to 25% iron and is in the form of ferric hydroxide (brown iron). Minerals, etc. exist, these iron minerals contain fine cassiterite, as well as zinc, copper, arsenic, antimony, molybdenum, cadmium, etc. in the state of fine mineral particles or ion adsorption, which can only be used as a medium ore in the beneficiation process. Smelting and separation. Second, re-election test process example Take the test procedure of tungsten-tin primary vein re-election as an example. According to the determination of the dissociation degree of raw ore monomer, when the ore is broken to 20 mm, the 20~12 mm class monomer dissociation degree is <10%, and the 12~6 mm class is 10~30%, 0.5~0.3. The millimeter level can reach more than 90%. The war was initially determined to have a particle size of 12 mm and a final crushing particle size of 0.5 mm. Considering the high value of tungsten and tin minerals, the brittleness and easy muddy, it was decided to adopt a multi-stage sorting process. The first stage was broken to 12 mm, the second stage was 2 mm, and the third stage was milled to 0.5 mm. In the exploratory experiment phase, the first step can be carried out according to the process shown in Figure 6-8. The test has two tasks: (1) Advance to determine whether the selected candidate granularity is reasonable; (2) Examine the granularity at which the tail can be started. mine. If the test shows that from -12 mm, a sufficient amount of concentrate can be obtained for each coarse grade, it indicates that the selected candidate particle size is basically correct, and if necessary, the coarser sample can be tested to explore and improve the selection. The possibility of granularity. If the test proves that the particle size can be increased, the sample should be replaced for the next test. If the test shows that from the beginning of a 6-meter-meter small can get qualified tip mines, the -12+6 mm grade fine, medium and tailings should be combined, crushed to -6 亳 meters and then the original one is 6 In the millimeter sample, the next test was carried out. It is also possible to take another sample from the ore and crush it to -6 mm and retest it. In the case of the study of ore embedding characteristics and the determination of monomer dissociation, the actual candidate particle size and the estimated value will not differ greatly. After clarifying what granularity can start the problem of concentrate, Should be transferred to examine the size of the tail. If the sample is not pre-selected, and the -12+6 mm class jigging can already yield a considerable yield of waste tailings, a sample of -25 (50) mm should be taken from the ore. Heavy medium beneficiation or jigging test to examine the possibility of using the heavy medium dressing to preselect the tail drop. 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