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One, omnivorous pests
(i) Flying crickets. East Asian cornices. The summer flood occurs in the Yellow River beach area, the Bohai Bay coastal area, the Hukou area, and the South China floodplain area. The other reclamation areas occur lightly, and the area of ​​high-density patch around the Bohai Bay coastal area will increase compared with 2006. The main areas are in Tangshan, Zhangzhou, Baoding, Shandong, Dongying, Heze, Binzhou, Dagang, Tianjin, Jiaozuo, Xinxiang, Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, Shaanxi, South Shaanxi, Hainan Ledong, Dongfang, Zhangzhou, Guangxi Laibin and other cities (county, district) ). Occurrence area is 14.4 million mu, which is basically the same as in 2006. Asian locusts occur in most parts of Xinjiang, with Altay, Tacheng, and Ili in the northern parts of the country appearing to be biased. The agricultural area has an area of ​​about 1.6 million mu, which is slightly lower than in 2006. Tibetan migratory locusts occur moderately in Sichuan Ganzi, Aba, Tibet Ali, Shigatse, Qamdo and other regions. The Jinsha River, Yalong River, and Dumu Qilie River basins are likely to occur in large areas, with an area of ​​over 3.5 million mu.
(b) The bandits. Northern China's agricultural and pastoral ecotones in Inner Mongolia, Hebei and northern Shanxi, northern and eastern Tianshan in Xinjiang, western Heilongjiang, Jilin, and western Liaoning are more emphasis on agricultural areas. It is estimated that an area of ​​70 million mu will occur. The extent and scope of occurrence will be in 2005 and 2006. The year is similar.
(C) armyworm. The occurrence of damage continued to show an upward trend, with the possibility of outbreaks in parts of the Northeast, North China, and Southwest China. It is expected that the area and degree of occurrence of a generation will be the same as in 2006, with an area of ​​about 15 million mu; second- and third-generation hazards will be more important than in 2006, with an area of ​​45 million mu and 15 million mu respectively.
(d) Grasshoppers. Generation larvae occur in northern Hebei, southern central and western Inner Mongolia, southeastern Daxinganling, and Altay in Xinjiang. Moderate occurrences occur in northern Shanxi and in the northwestern provinces. Adults do not rule out large numbers of immigrants and concentrate larvae. Possible. Occurred area of ​​about 10 million mu.
Second, wheat diseases and pests
Wheat diseases and pests generally appear to be overemphasized, and diseases and pests are equally important.
(a) Diseases of wheat. Wheat stripe rust is found in Sichuan, Sichuan and Panzhihua regions in Sichuan, Western Guizhou and northern Guizhou, western Chongqing and northeastern Yunnan, most of Yunnan, Longnan, Gansu, Tianshui, Pingliang, and late-mature wheat in central China, southern Shaanxi, western Guanzhong, southern Ningxia, and Qinghai. The east, northern Hubei, western Hubei, southern Henan, Aksu, Xinjiang, and Yili have become more popular. Occurred area of ​​more than 5500 acres. The occurrence of wheat powdery mildew was more severe than that in 2006. Wheat areas such as Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, southern Jiangsu and Huaibei, central and southern Hebei, Guanzhong irrigation areas in Shaanxi, and southern Gansu provinces occurred more seriously. Huanghuai, Northwest, North China, and most other parts of the Yangtze River basin District occurs moderately. Occurrence area is about 100 million mu. Wheat scab has occurred in Hubei Jianghan Plain, Hubei East and along the Yangtze River, Anhui Huaihe River Basin and south of Jiangsu, southern Jiangsu and along Yangtze River wheat areas, Sichuan, Chongqing, southern Shaanxi, southern Henan, and northern Xinjiang occurred moderately, Hubei, Anhui and There are potential threats in wheat areas in northern Henan, western Shandong, and central and southern Hebei. It is expected that the country will have an area of ​​70 million mu. Wheat sheath blight occurred in wheat areas in Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Anhui and Jiangsu, and other wheat areas occurred moderately or below. Occurrence area is about 120 million mu. Full-bleeding, smut, and viral diseases continue to rise in some areas.
(b) Wheat pests. Wheat midge occurred in Henan, Hebei, Shanxi, Tianjin and other wheat areas. It occurred moderately in Anhui, Shandong, and Shaanxi. It occurred in Beijing, Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai. The country has an area of ​​about 40 million mu. At the heading stage, locusts occur in the Huang-Huai-Hai and most of the northern part of the wheat area, and the country has an area of ​​more than 200 million mu. Wheat spiders occur in Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi, central and southern Hebei, northwestern Henan, mid-north Anhui, Huaibei, northern Hubei, and other northern wheat regions. Other wheat regions occur lightly. Occurrence area is about 90 million mu. The generation of armyworm, wheat stem bee, and underground pests can cause certain damage in local areas.
Third, rice pests and diseases
Rice planthoppers, rice leaf roller, rice blast, rice borer, rice borer, and other migratory, epidemic, borer disease pests showed a bias towards large-scale ecological potential, similar to the level in 2006, with an area of ​​1.3 billion mu, including insect pests. 980 million mu times, 320 million mu of disease.
(a) Rice diseases. Rice blast disease occurs in the southwest, middle reaches of the Yangtze River and some rice fields in the north, with an area of ​​about 81 million mu. Sheath blight occurs mainly in southern China, south of Yangtze River, the Yangtze River valley and the Yangtze and Huaihe rice fields. Occurrence area is about 240 million mu. Stripe leaf blight continues to be re-emitted in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the japonica rice region, and the area in the north and northeast China will continue to expand, with an estimated area of ​​28 million mu. Rice smut disease may occur in some single-season mid-late rice planting areas.
(b) Rice pests. Rice planthoppers still have large-scale ecological potential in the rice fields in southern China, southern China, the Yangtze River valley, and southwestern China, with an area of ​​380 million mu. The rice leaffolder occurs in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, most of the southern part of the Yangtze River, the central and northern part of South China, and the middle and eastern part of the southwestern China. Occurrence area is about 280 million mu. A generation of S. huaerei occurred in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Jiangnan, Jianghuai, and the northern and southern parts of South China and the southwestern and central-north-western rice regions. The northeastern rice area significantly increased. The third and fourth generations took priority in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the central and southern Yangtze River. The area of ​​occurrence was 260 million. In Muji, Sanhuayu occurred in most of southern China and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, with an area of ​​69 million mu.
Four, corn pests and diseases
(a) corn mash. Major spring maize production areas occurred in central and southern Heilongjiang Province, western Jilin Province, central and western Liaoning Province, central and eastern Inner Mongolia, and northern Xinjiang, and most of the summer corn plantations in North China, Huanghuai, and Southwestern China occurred moderately. The country has an area of ​​more than 200 million mu.
(b) Maize size spot. In the northeast, north, and southwestern corn production areas occur moderately, with an area of ​​more than 80 million mu.
Underground pests, seedling stage pests, aphid stage locusts, brown spot disease in the Huang-Huai area, rust in the Yunnan-Guizhou area and the southern central area of ​​Huang Huai hazards showed an upward trend.
V. Cotton pests and diseases
The overall development of cotton pests and diseases was ecological, with an area of ​​about 450 million mu, of which 3.7 million mu were pests and 80 million mu were diseases.
(A) cotton disease. Fusarium wilt disease occurred in the Yellow River Basin in successively planting areas. The Yangtze River Basin had a moderate occurrence in the cotton area, with an area of ​​about 20 million mu. Diseases at the seedling stage occur in most of the country's cotton districts. The cotton area in the Yellow River Basin is heavier than that in the Yangtze River Basin, with an area of ​​22 million mu. The disease in the bell stage occurred in a moderate to moderate degree in most of the country's cotton areas, with an area of ​​18 million mu.
(b) Cotton pests. The second generation of Helicoverpa armigera occurred mainly in most of the Yellow River Basin and the Xinjiang Cotton Region, with the possibility of major occurrences in the northwest of Luxi and parts of southern Xinjiang. The other cotton regions occurred lightly, with an area of ​​30 million mu; three generations in the Yellow River Basin. In the northeast and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, partial cotton occurred in the middle, and most of the other cotton regions in the country took place in an average degree, with an area of ​​35 million mu. The fourth generation occurred in the cotton region of the Yangtze River Basin, and most of the other cotton regions were moderate or light; 33 million mu. During the seedling stage, cotton aphids occurred mostly in the Yellow River Basin and Xinjiang Cotton Region. The occurrence of heavy cotton in the cotton afforestation area during the volcanic period occurred moderately in the Yellow River Basin and the cotton area in the Yangtze River Basin. Occurred area of ​​75 million mu. Cotton leafhoppers occurred in the cotton fields in the northern part of the Yellow River Basin, the Yangtze River Basin, and the Xinjiang Cotton Region, with an area of ​​68 million mu. Cotton Blindness occurred in the western part of the Yellow River Basin, in the northern cotton area and in the cotton area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin. Other cotton areas occurred moderately, with an area of ​​70 million mu.
Sixth, rape pests and diseases
Saccharomyces cerevisiae occurred mainly in the main rapeseed areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, occurred moderately in most of the southwest, and rapeseed production areas in northern Shaanxi, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Gansu occurred less frequently. Occurred area of ​​about 50 million mu. Brassica napus larvae occurred in most of the southwest and northern rape areas, and occurred moderately in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Occurred area of ​​38 million mu.
Vegetable pests and diseases
The major pests and diseases of vegetables in the country have occurred at an intermediate level. Vegetables pests in open field are more important than diseases. The main species are Plutella xylostella, Pieris rapae, Brassica napus, Spodoptera exigua, Downy mildew, and diseases. Vegetable diseases are more important than insect pests, and the main types are downy mildew, gray mold, and blight. , powdery mildew, wilt, root knot nematode, whitefly. Among them, the occurrence of whitefly, diamondback moth and powdery mildew occurred with an estimated area of ​​60 million mu, 35 million mu and 30 million mu respectively; the downy mildew of cucumber occurred in an area of ​​16 million mu; Infestations such as cockroach, cabbage caterpillar, beet armyworm, gray mold, disease, and blight of melons are expected to occur. It is estimated that 60 million mu will occur in cabbage, 40 million mu in cabbage beetles, 25 million in beet armyworm and gray mold. About 15 million mu times of the blight of epidemic diseases and diseases of melons occurred; the soft rot of Chinese cabbage and other diseases and insects were mostly mild, with an area of ​​about 10 million mu.
Eight, fruit tree pests and diseases
Apple's major pests and diseases occur in an area of ​​95 million mu. Among them, anthraquinones occurred with an emphasis on the occurrence of anthraquinones with an area of ​​14 million mu; early deciduous disease occurred moderately, with an area of ​​11.5 million mu; rotten diseases occurred in the fruit areas of Shaanxi and Liaoning, and other apple producing areas occurred moderately, with an area of ​​9.8 million. Mu times; occurrence of ring vein disease in Liaoning, moderate occurrence in other areas, the occurrence of an area of ​​6.5 million mu times; gold moths and peach fruit moth mild or moderate occurrence, the occurrence of more than 800 million mu of area. Occurrence area of ​​citrus major pests is nearly 100 million mu. Among them, the prevalence of fleas occurred in an area of ​​35.5 million mu; the scale insects occurred moderately and occurred 15.5 million mu; the rust ticks occurred moderately and occurred in an area of ​​8 million mu; anthrax and scab were mild. Occurrence area of ​​550-700 million mu times.
According to the comprehensive analysis and consultation of relevant experts organized by the Ministry of Agriculture, it is expected that wheat stripe rust, wheat aphids, rice planthoppers, rice leaf roller, rice borer, and corn borer will continue to be severely or severely affected in 2007, wheat scab, and rice Rickets and rice smut disease are in a serious epidemic situation. Wheat midge, rice stripe disease, armyworm and cotton bollworm appear to be aggravating in some areas. Aphids and grasshoppers will still occur moderately. The annual incidence of major pests and diseases is 6 billion. Mu times, need to control more than 7 billion acres.