Metal hydride nickel battery (Ni-MH) has the same working voltage (1.2V) as nickel-cadmium battery (Ni-Cd), but it replaces carcinogen cadmium by using rare earth alloy or TiNi alloy hydrogen storage material as negative electrode active material. Not only makes this new type of battery a green battery, but also increases the specific energy of the battery by nearly 40% to 60-80Wh/kg and 210-240Wh/L. This type of battery was gradually industrialized in the early 1990s and was first used in mobile phone batteries . At present, although its dominant position on mobile phones is gradually replaced by lithium-ion batteries, its market share in mobile applications in Europe and America is still around 50%. Lithium ion battery (Li-ion) is composed of a carbon which can intercalate and deintercalate lithium ions as a negative electrode, a metal oxide which can be reversely intercalated with lithium as a positive electrode (LiCoO2, LiNiO2 or LiMn2O4) and an organic electrolyte, and its working voltage is 3.6V. Therefore, a lithium ion battery is equivalent to three cadmium nickel or metal hydride nickel batteries. Thus, the specific energy of such a battery can exceed 100 Wh/kg and 280 Wh/L, and greatly exceeds the specific energy of the metal hydride nickel battery. In view of the above advantages, the production and usage have increased at an extremely high rate in the short years from 1993 to 2000. Alkaline zinc-manganese dry batteries (alkaline) have higher capacity than ordinary dry batteries of the same size and have a large current discharge capability. In recent years, mercury-free zinc powder has been applied, making this battery a green battery and becoming a mainstream product in primary batteries. Currently, alkaline zinc-manganese dry batteries are still the most used power source for BP machines. At the same time, countries around the world are also concerned about the rechargeability of this battery. A US company has introduced alkaline manganese batteries, and the application of the products is slowly growing. This battery maintains the discharge characteristics of the primary battery and can be recharged for several tens to hundreds of times (deep charge and discharge cycle life of about 25 times). Lithium plastic battery (LIP) is a new type of battery with lithium metal as the negative electrode and conductive polymer as the electrolyte. Its specific energy has reached 170Wh/kg and 350Wh/L. The lithium ion plastic battery stores the organic electrolyte in the current lithium ion battery in a polymer film, or uses the conductive polymer as an electrolyte to make the battery free of free electrolyte. The battery can be hot-pressed with an aluminum plastic composite film, and has the characteristics of light weight, arbitrarily changed shape, and better safety. A fuel cell (FC) is a device that uses a fuel (such as hydrogen or fuel) and an oxidant (such as pure oxygen or oxygen in the air) to directly and continuously generate electricity. This kind of power generation device avoids the limitation of the Carnot cycle. Not only is it highly efficient (electrochemical reaction conversion efficiency can be as high as 40% or more), and it is discharged without pollution, so it is an efficient and clean power generation method in the future. Many companies at home and abroad are working on the development of PEM fuel cells suitable for mobile phones and notebook computers. Once put into use, their economic benefits are enormous. A sealed lead-acid battery is a type of lead-acid battery. The following new green battery technologies and related industries are developing particularly rapidly. 1. Hydrogen storage material and metal hydride nickel battery - Ni-MH Rechargeable Battery 2. Lithium ion embedded material and liquid electrolyte lithium ion battery 3. Polymer electrolyte lithium battery or lithium ion battery 4. Zinc air battery and PEM fuel cell
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Green battery refers to a class of high-performance, non-polluting batteries that have been put into use or are being developed and developed in recent years. Metal hydride nickel batteries , lithium ion batteries, and mercury-free alkaline zinc-manganese primary batteries and rechargeable batteries that are currently in large use, as well as lithium or lithium ion plastic batteries and fuel cells being developed and developed, belong to this category. a category. In addition, it has been widely used and the use of solar energy photovoltaic solar cells (also known as photovoltaic), also be included in this category.