The main components of the car body

Hood The engine hood (also known as the hood) is the most visible body component and is one of the components that buyers often look at. The main requirements for the engine cover are thermal insulation, light weight, and strong rigidity.

The engine cover is generally composed of an outer plate and an inner plate in the structure, and is sandwiched with a heat insulation material. The inner plate plays a role of enhancing the rigidity. The geometric shape is selected by the manufacturer and is basically a skeleton form. When the hood is open, it is usually flipped backwards, and a small part is flipped forward.

The backward flipped hood is opened to a predetermined angle and should not be in contact with the front windshield. It should have a minimum spacing of about 10 mm. In order to prevent the self-opening due to vibration during driving, the front end of the engine cover must have a safety lock hook locking device. The locking device switch is arranged under the dashboard of the vehicle compartment. When the vehicle door is locked, the engine cover should also be locked.

Roof Cover The roof cover is the cover at the top of the compartment. For the overall rigidity of the car body, the top cover is not a very important part, which is also the reason for allowing the skylight to be opened on the roof cover. From the design point of view, what matters is how it smoothly transitions with the front and rear window frames and the junctions with the pillars in order to achieve the best visual and minimum air resistance. Of course, in order to safety roof cover should also have a certain degree of strength and rigidity, generally under the top cover to increase a certain number of reinforcement beams, the top cover laying thermal insulation liner material, in order to prevent external temperature conduction and reduce vibration noise transfer.

The trunk lid of the trunk lid requires good rigidity. The structure is basically the same as the engine lid. There are also outer and inner plates, and the inner plate has ribs. Some sedan cars, known as “half-carriage”, have their trunks extend upwards, including rear windshields, which increase the opening area and form a door. Therefore, they are also referred to as back doors, so as to maintain a sedan. The shape also allows easy storage of items.

If the back door is used, a silicone sealant should be installed on the inner side of the back door, and it should be waterproof and dustproof. The openable support of the trunk lid generally uses a hook-shaped hinge and a four-bar linkage hinge. The hinge is equipped with a balance spring, so that the opening and closing box lid is labor-saving and can be automatically fixed in an open position to facilitate the extraction of articles.

Fender fenders are the outer panels that cover the wheels. The name and shape of the old-fashioned body are named after the bird wings. According to the installation position, it is divided into a front fender and a rear fender. The front fender is installed at the front wheel. Therefore, the maximum limit space for the front wheel to turn and run must be guaranteed. Therefore, the designer will select the tire according to the selected tire. Model size Validate the fender design dimensions with the “wheel beat diagram”.

The rear fenders have no problem of wheel rubbing, but due to aerodynamic considerations, the rear fenders are slightly arched. Now some car fenders have become a whole with the body, in one go. But there are also the fenders of cars that are independent, especially the front fenders, because the front fenders have more chances of collision, and the independent assembly is easy to replace. Some car's front fenders are made of plastic materials (such as plastic) that have some elasticity. Plastic materials are cushioning and relatively safe.

The dash panel is a partition between the engine room and the carriage. It is connected with the floor and the front post and installed under the front cover. There are many openings on the dash panel, which are used for the control of pull cables, tie rods, pipes, and harnesses.

In order to prevent exhaust gas, high temperature, and noise from entering the compartment in the engine compartment, there must be sealing measures and thermal insulation on the bulkhead. In the event of an accident, it should have sufficient strength and stiffness. Compared with other parts of the car body, the most important process technology of the dash panel assembly is sealing and heat insulation, and its advantages and disadvantages often reflect the quality of vehicle operation.