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As an important part of the landscape, OFwek landscape lighting not only shows the means of landscape concept, but also is the main part of the space structure of people's nighttime outdoor activities. This article shares some methods from the application scope, selection requirements and installation process of landscape lighting design. Buried lights 1, application range landscape structures, small items, plants, hard paving lighting. Mainly arranged in hard pavement lighting façade, lawn area lighting trees, etc., should not be arranged in the shrub area lighting trees and facades, so that the light forms too many shadows and dark areas; buried lights should not be placed in hard or low lawn The water level or the drainage area makes the water cover the lamp body after the rain; when the underground light is arranged in the lawn area, the glass surface is about 125px cm higher than the lawn surface, so that the water after the rain is not immersed in the glass lamp surface. Figure 1-1 Buried lights should not be placed in the shrub area 2, selection requirements light color Figure 1-2 color buried light applied to plant lighting problems: the noisy and false color light, not suitable for use as a human settlement night environment. Requirements: The livable lighting environment should adopt the natural color temperature range, and adjust the color temperature of the light according to the color of the plant. For example, the evergreen plant should use 4200K color temperature, and the red leaf type plant should adopt 3000K color temperature. Figure 1-3 Natural color temperature buried light applied to plant lighting fixtures Figure 1-4 Disorganized lighting fixtures: Plant lighting is scattered in the form of a mud lamp or a ground plug, scattered in various areas of the green belt. A white landscape that seriously affects greening. Requirement: Under the premise of not affecting plant growth, without causing damage to the planting soil ball and root system, the trees in the lawn area are illuminating with adjustable angles. 1-5 Concealed installation of buried lights effect buried lights According to the illuminated plants, such as the thin-branched trees, a set of underground light is arranged at the roots; the lush tall trees can be arranged with one to two sets of polarized buried lights at a distance of about 3 meters; the spherical shrubs The wide-light or astigmatic luminaires are arranged to be permeable; the crown-symmetrical arbor is illuminated by an adjustable angle buried lamp. Figure 1-6 Lighting method of lamp selection Figure 1-7 Buried lamp with no chamfering on the edge: The lamp installed on the hard pavement has no chamfering and the lamp cover is higher than the paving surface, which is easy to cripple. Figure 1-8 Buried lamp requirements for chamfering: Select the buried lamp with chamfered lamp cover. After installation, seal the edge of the lamp with waterproof glue or glass glue. Glare Figure 1-9 Illumination of buried glare glare Figure 1-10 Glare effect of decorative buried lights All illuminating buried lights require anti-glare measures. Such as the installation of light-control grille, the illumination angle of the lamp is adjustable, and the asymmetric reflector is used in the lamp. Figure 1-11 Light-control grating sheet All the decorative light of the buried lamp needs to be frosted, the beam is wide, and there is no obvious light source feeling. Figure 1-12 Buried lamp after frosting treatment 3, installation process is not placed embedded parts Figure 1-13 Direct installation of buried light in lawn area Figure 1-14 Direct installation of buried light in hard area Problem: buried light is not placed The embedded parts are directly buried in the turf underground, and the wiring part is directly buried in the ground. At the same time, the gravel seepage layer and the sand soil water absorbing layer are not laid under the buried lamp. If water accumulates after the rain, it will cause conduction or short circuit. The luminaire is not placed in the embedded part and buried directly on the hard road surface, and the luminaire adopts an aluminum lamp body. After the thermal expansion and contraction, it exceeds the diameter of the paving opening, and the expansion arches out of the ground, causing the ground to be uneven. Requirements: Standard installation, using embedded parts. The hard pavement opening is slightly larger than the lamp body diameter but smaller than the outer diameter of the steel ring. Figure 1-15: The water vapor entering the embedded part into the phenomenon: Figure 1-16 The phenomenon of water vapor in the cavity of the lamp: Due to the thermal expansion and contraction of the air in the lamp cavity, the outdoor atmospheric pressure presses the humid air into the cavity of the lamp. Will cause the tube to burst or short circuit trip. Correct installation method: 1) During the sample feeding process, the waterproof rating of the lamp must be checked to ensure that it is above IP67. 2) The Wire connection should be sealed: the common buried lamp has a special sealing rubber ring and stainless steel firmware. First, pass the cable through the rubber ring, then tighten the stainless steel to the wire and pull out the sealing rubber ring. When the wire is connected to the lead wire, a waterproof junction box is required. After the wire is completed, the edge of the junction box is sealed or internally waxed. 3) Do underground water treatment during construction. For buried lights arranged in the lawn area, trapezoidal column-shaped embedded parts with large upper and lower mouth should be used. For hard areas, round barrel-shaped embedded parts should be used. Under each buried lamp, a permeable layer of gravel and sand is made. 4) After the buried lamp is installed, the cover is opened, and the lamp is covered for half an hour, so that the inner cavity of the lamp is kept in a certain vacuum state, and the sealing ring of the lamp cover is pressed by the outdoor atmospheric pressure. Figure 1-17. Buried lamp wiring diagram 1. The application range should be arranged in the shrub area lighting trees. The lamps need to be effectively concealed in the shrub area, and the luminous mouth is about 10CM higher than the shrub line. Figure 2A luminaires are not arranged in the shrub area. Figure 2B luminaires are effectively hidden in the shrub area. 2. Selection requirements are considered from the daytime landscape. It is recommended to use less ground-mounted spotlights in the turf area. The lamps are arranged irregularly on the green vegetation. , forming a black spot under the green environment. At night, too many glare points are formed, which affects the nighttime lighting comfort. Figure 2-1 Irregular arrangement of the mud lamp affects the daytime landscape Figure 2-2 Irregular arrangement of the mud lamp The excessive glare point at night requires: Adjustable angle under the lighting effect that requires directional projection Buried lights instead. Or use the decorations that match the landscape to block. Figure 2-3A Influence of the mud lamp and the adjustable angle buried lamp on the daytime landscape Figure 2-3B. The pottery can be decorated and hidden. If there is no need for directional projection, the ordinary type of buried lamp should be used instead. Glare grille. Figure 2-4: The daytime landscape effect of the buried lamp instead of the mud lampFig. 2-5 The evening landscape effect of replacing the mud lamp with the buried lamp Figure 2-6 The bird's-eye view of the underground light with the buried lamp Installation process fixed process Figure 2-7 Fixed position of the plug-in lamp Advantages: easy to install, suitable for general engineering of abnormal construction period. Problem: The construction of the ground plug light fixture determines that it cannot be securely fastened. It’s a hit and it’s a hit. That is easy to suffer damage, there are also security risks. Requirement: Replace with underground lamp. If it is necessary to illuminate in the form of ground plug, it is recommended to replace the adjustable lamp with base. The concrete base is fixed on the foundation and the wire is connected in the bottom. Figure 2-8 Wiring diagram of adjustable angle spotlight with base Figure 2-9 Status of wiring of plug-in lamp: Cable and lamp lead are directly attached to the green belt, without any protection, directly and directly. If the surface water will cause leakage and short circuit, the safety hazard is serious. Correct installation method If the power cord is protected by steel pipe, the lead wire is protected by metal hose, and the wiring is protected by waterproof junction box. After the wiring is completed, glue or fill the seal on the edge of the waterproof junction box, bury it in the soil, and place the appropriate gravel under the pad. . If the power cord is protected by PE or PVC, the lead wire is protected by a plastic hose, the wiring is protected by a plastic junction box, buried in the soil, and the appropriate gravel is placed under the pad. This method is poor in water repellency, but the cost is low and the installation is convenient. Figure 2-10 Effective protection of the lamp leads If the construction period is tight or the joints are not exposed, the waterproof rubber insulation rubber waterproof rubber insulation rubber should be used for wiring. The five layers are alternately protected. The joint should face up and should not be placed on the ground or underground, so that the joint is separated from the ground area water to prevent leakage and conduction. Appearance color is generally black on the spot, but the actual installation effect of the plug-in lamp between the lawn shrubs seriously affects the green landscape. If it is not possible to replace it with an underground lamp, the surface of the lamp can be treated by a dark green electrostatic spray process. Figure 2-11. Suggestions on the color of the spotlight. The current lighting design generally uses two sets of mud lamps for the Asian tree. The tall trees are illuminated by three to four sets of mud lamps, which causes too many glare points. The vision of pedestrians walking at night produces direct lighting, requiring a set of buried lights to illuminate Yacho, and two sets of buried lights to illuminate tall trees. . Table 1 Plant Lighting Optimization Table Note 1: 70W and 150W are standard light sources, which are economical, long-life and stable. Compared with the plugged halogen light source, it has long life and good weather resistance. Compared with the 35W metal halide lamp source, it has the advantages of lower price and stable performance. Note 2: This table is for plant lighting in the community. If the street plants are illuminated, the power is increased accordingly, that is, 70W is increased to 150W, 150W is increased to 250W, and other parameters are unchanged. Wall lamp 1, application range wall surface, cylinder surface illumination, can be used as a supplement to functional lighting. It is installed centrally within the allowable range of the height of the façade and installed as far as possible at an unattainable height. When the height of the façade is low, it should be installed at a height that is inaccessible to children. 2, selection requirements surface treatment surface paint peeling off the problem: the surface of the lamp is painted, the adhesion of the surface paint particles is poor, the outdoor high temperature causes the whole piece of peeling phenomenon, affecting the look and feel. In addition, the iron fixing screws are easy to rust, which affects the perception of the lamps and the facade. Requirements: The surface of the lamp is treated by hot-dip galvanizing and electrostatic spray coating. When the lamp is purchased as the standard process of the lamp, the manufacturer is required to use this process to produce and provide the corresponding product. At the same time, the fixing of the lamp requires stainless steel screws, which are sprayed or painted to achieve the same color as the surface of the lamp. Light-shielding anti-glare treatment glare affects the problem of heavy luminaires: Although transparent glass is used as a translucent cover, its light efficiency is higher, but the light source is similar to direct exposure, which forms flares at night, which seriously affects night vision. The perception is uncomfortable and glare to the living environment of the community. Requirement: Light-transmissive cover such as raindrop, frosted, prism treatment is used for lamp selection. The lighting is soft, the lawn lamp 1, the application range path, the secondary garden road, the household road, the lawn and other landscape functional lighting, the height of the lamp is generally 0.4-1 meters, the effective illumination radius is 3-5 meters, and the arrangement spacing is controlled at 10 meters. Within the layout, the location should be in the bushes, concealed installation. Apparently placed on the lawn, attention should be paid to the impact of its location on the landscape. 2, selection requires light source to choose the outdoor lawn lamp unreasonable height problem: the use of LED has a certain energy-saving effect, but it will cause great trouble for the replacement of the light source in the future, because there is no finished ring LED integrated block light source available on the market. The property can only repair the corresponding faulty luminaires by replacing the entire luminaire, and the maintenance cost is too high. Requirements: The lawn light source should generally choose the energy-saving light source. For the convenience of maintenance, consider the integrated self-rectifying energy-saving lamp. It is not suitable to use incandescent lamps, lamp cups and other short-lived light sources, and use the LED type light source cautiously. The color temperature is generally 3000-4200K color temperature is suitable, high color rendering. The height of the outdoor height of the lamp is unreasonable. The problem is that the light port is concealed in the shrub, and the lighting effect of the lamp is ineffective, and the corresponding functional lighting cannot be provided. Requirements: When designing the lawn lamp, the height of the light-emitting port is higher than that of the shrub line by about 20CM. 3, the installation process layout point of the outdoor lighting points are unreasonable status quo: the lamps are directly placed in a prominent position, affecting the overall visual perception of the landscape. Requirements: Under the premise of meeting the functional lighting requirements, the lawn lamps are not easy to be directly arranged in the unobstructed position. For example, the low lawn area should not be equipped with lawn lamps and mud lamps, and should be adjusted to the shrub area. The basic problem of fixing the outdoor lawn lamp and garden lamp of the lamp: the foundation of the garden lamp and the lawn lamp buried in the soft view is not high enough, the surrounding soil is not tight, and the expansion screw is loose, etc., which will cause the courtyard lamp to shake and feel. When the lawn lamp is pulled out of the ground, it has certain safety hazards and also affects the long-term use of the lamps. Requirements: The height of the garden light base is greater than 800mm, and the foundation has built-in steel bars. The lawn lamp base is larger than 400mm, and can be fixed directly by expansion screws or built-in steel bars, and the surrounding soil is planted. Garden Lights 1. The application range garden lights are the main functional lighting fixtures for the main roads and streets of the community, providing effective lighting guarantee for the safe walking of pedestrians at night. The height of the lamps is generally 3-5 meters, and the effective lighting radius is 8-10 meters. The arrangement spacing is generally around 15-20 meters. Considering the coordination between the lamps and the landscape, it can be installed on the side of the tree at a specific point arrangement so that it does not damage the landscape skyline.