On July 2nd, the “Electrical Battery Technology in China Applied to the Industrial Salon†sponsored by the China Electric Vehicle Industry Association and sponsored by the China Electrical Industry Association was held at Tsinghua University in Beijing. A preliminary strategic consensus was reached at the salon: fuel cell technology is in a transition period from pure R&D to commercialization, and there is still a long way to go from a research perspective. 7Bbl Stainless Unitank,7Bbl Conical Unitank,5Bbl Conical Unitank,5Bbl Stainless Fermenter WeBrew , https://www.thewebrew.com
As China continues to face pressure from environmental pollution and energy pressure, how can Chinese cars go? The need to be able to use new energy to produce new technologies for vehicles with low emissions is becoming more and more urgent. As Chen Qingtai, chairman of the China Electric Vehicle Hundred People's Association, said: "Today we can't afford to lose a big industry like a car. The government must be sensitive and concerned about the huge changes in the automotive industry.
Qi Guochun, deputy director of the Equipment Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, also stated at the salon: "As the management department and industrial department of our automobile industry, we will fully support the application and industrialization of fuel cell technology in China. The State Council has issued China Manufacturing 2025. We must seize the commanding heights. We also hope that our technology can make China's own fuel cell vehicles can be developed and used in China as soon as possible, and then used, and finally benefit the general public."
At present, Toyota, Hyundai, GM, Nissan and Mercedes-Benz have developed corresponding fuel cell cars. In July last year, Toyota Motor of Japan officially released the pre-sale price of the fuel cell vehicle (FCV) to be listed in Japan. It is the world's first fuel cell vehicle to achieve mass production and will be officially launched to the market, attracting attention in the industry.
At present, among the domestic auto companies, only SAIC is doing fuel cell vehicles in a lonely way. “At present, the Roewe 750 and Roewe 950 are the most important. The basic travel of our fuel cell industry chain has been established.†SAIC Group fuel cell vehicle The project's total engineering Wei said, why do you insist on doing fuel cell vehicles in the whole vehicle enterprise? "We understand that under the conditions that the entire infrastructure, laws and regulations, including market recognition, are still not mature, our passenger cars are mainly based on technology upgrades and industrial chain construction." For the future, Cheng Wei said: We hope that more auto companies or peers will participate in the development of the entire fuel cell vehicle and drive the entire fuel cell vehicle industry chain."
What is the difference between a fuel cell and a power battery?
When it comes to fuel cell technology, we will unconsciously compare fuel cell vehicles with pure electric vehicles. What is the difference between fuel cells and power batteries?
In terms of security. The fuel cell is an open system, and hydrogen and oxygen are constantly input into the stack, so its sealing and storage are more critical. Power battery, its electrolyte can not leak easily, the leak is easy to catch fire. The stack of fuel cells, if the hydrogen is cut off, the stack itself is safe.
In terms of cost, the battery system is relatively simple, there is no precious metal, and the cost is relatively low; the fuel cell now has a higher precious metal Pt.
In terms of cruising range, the battery is made into an electric car, and the cruising range is not long, but the fuel cell has a long cruising range.
Fuel cell vehicle PK internal combustion engine car
"Currently, the hydrogenation time of fuel cell vehicles is 5 kilograms and 3 minutes. For a car, 1 kilogram of hydrogen can run 100 kilometers, so basically the cruising range of 500 kilometers can be included, in addition to cost, other key The performance of this vehicle is completely compatible with the internal combustion engine car can be PK." Tsinghua University professor Li Jianqiu said. "The same is true for passenger cars. The fuel cell buses that have been developed or are already being demonstrated by several major bus companies in the world, we can see that the durability has been more than 10,000 hours."
"The life of fuel cells, the number of buses has exceeded 10,000 hours, and the number of cars has exceeded 5,000 hours, meeting the national requirements for automobiles." Academician Yi Baolian, member of the Academic Committee of the Chinese Electric Vehicle 100-member Association, and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering said .
So what is the cost of a fuel cell vehicle?
"The fuel cost of fuel cell vehicles will be between pure electric and diesel locomotives," said Li Jianqiu, a professor at Tsinghua University. "If it is from the end user, a fuel cell car, according to 100 kilograms of kilograms of hydrogen, costs about 20 yuan, it is about half cheaper than the internal combustion engine according to 2020, our country's 100 kilometers fuel consumption is 5 liters, but Pure electric is a bit more expensive."
Difficulties in developing fuel cell technology
In general, from the international point of view, fuel cell vehicles are now entering a commercial lead-in period, and the main problems of fuel cell vehicles have been basically solved. "The problem of large-scale commercialization of fuel cell vehicles has two things. One is the construction of the hydrogen refueling station, one is to further improve the reliability and durability of the fuel cell, and reduce the amount of 8, so that the amount of Pt can be similar to that of the automobile exhaust gas purifier, so that it can be fully commercialized." Academician Yi Baolian, a member of the Academic Committee of the Electric Vehicle Hundred People Association and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said, “The focus on reducing costs is the establishment of production lines. Now fuel cell vehicles cannot be produced on the production line like a fuel car, so the production line The establishment of the car and the production of various key component production lines is still a very difficult task."
Development of fuel cell vehicles requires state subsidies within 5 years
When will a fuel cell vehicle be commercialized? Academician Yi Baolian, a member of the Academic Committee of the China Electric Vehicle Hundred People Association and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that “the fuel cell vehicle must achieve profitability at least five years later. Within five years, I think there is no way to do without the state subsidy. After 5 years, the country The subsidy can not be revoked. I still can't say it, but the profit is definitely within five years. The profitable space for fuel cell vehicles is very small, but it can guarantee the cost."
Regarding how to carry out the next step of development, "With the strong support of the country, in our cooperation with the world, domestic technology cooperation, we can break through these key technologies from 2020 to 2025, so that fuel cell vehicles can enter the S-shaped curve. In the initial stage, a big increase I think that between 2025 and 2030, our demonstration is uninterrupted." Yi Baolian said.
What is the prospect of developing fuel cell technology?
"The estimated cost of fuel cell vehicles in the US Department of Energy is less than $30,000 in 2020, so we believe that the cost of a fuel cell is comparable to that of an internal combustion engine in the case of a mileage of five or six hundred kilometers. Li Jianqiu, a professor at Tsinghua University, said.
At present, Toyota, Hyundai, General Motors, Nissan and Mercedes-Benz have developed corresponding fuel cell cars. "It can be seen that the maximum speed of these cars is not the same as that of the traditional internal combustion engine. The amount of Pt in the car is gradually decreasing, and the best has already reached 20 grams, which is more than 100 kilowatts of engine." Li Jianqiu said.
Representatives from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, ministries and commissions, representatives of international organizations and industry associations, representatives of academic experts, including SAIC, Dongfeng, Changan, Beiqi, Great Wall, Jianghuai, Zhuzhou CSR, Times Dentsu, Zhengzhou Yutong, Nanjing Jinlong, Beiqi Foton, etc. Representatives of 25 domestic auto companies, representatives from foreign auto companies include Toyota, Nissan China, Honda, Volkswagen, Mercedes-Benz, etc. In addition, there are nearly 50 domestic and international hydrogen energy battery companies, and more than 250 guests attended the salon.
"Toyota can open up 4,560 patents to the world at once. It is because Toyota is such a company that integrates fuel cell-related technologies. China does not currently have such a company. What should we do? This requires everyone to work together to integrate related technologies. "Ouyang Minggao, executive vice president of China Electric Vehicles 100-members, said in a concluding speech.