Fully release the rural reform and increase the dividends to promote poverty alleviation

Fully release the rural reform and increase the dividends

"If you change it right, the market has the final say; if you don't change it, the peasants have the final say." The increase in farmers' income is the core goal of the structural reform of the agricultural supply side. With the economic development entering a new normal, agricultural development has entered a new stage, and the two traditional powers of supporting agriculture and working to support farmers' income have gradually weakened, making the growth rate of farmers' income still higher than that of urban residents, but the growth rate has slowed down noticeably. From this point of view, this year is a key node for the growth of farmers' income. If not handled well, the momentum of narrowing the urban-rural income gap over the years may be reversed.

On the one hand, some agricultural products such as corn have a staged production that exceeds demand, resulting in an overall weakening of agricultural prices. Due to the high import pressure and the large amount of grain stocks, the state has cancelled the long-term implementation of the temporary corn storage policy, giving more play to the market's decisive role in price, reducing the direct intervention of prices, and the income of some grain farmers in the short term. Have a certain impact.

On the other hand, since 2013, wage income has exceeded household income and has become an important part of farmers' income. In the context of the new economic normal, since the beginning of last year, the growth rate of the number of migrant workers and wages has been declining, which has constrained the growth of wage income. According to the forecast of relevant departments, this situation is likely to continue in the future.

In the past 12 years, farmers' income has achieved continuous and rapid growth. In the first three quarters of 2016, the per capita disposable income of farmers actually increased by 6.5%. Although the growth rate is still higher than that of urban residents, it has slowed down significantly compared with previous years, which is low in the past 12 years. It has not been higher than GDP growth in the past 12 years. It is expected that the prices of most agricultural products will continue to run at a low level this year, making it more difficult for farmers to increase their income.

Xiaokang is not well-off, the key is to look at fellow villagers. The hometown needs to be well-off, the key is to look at the "money bag." Judging from the four major components of farmers' income, family business income has a significant impact on farmers' income in the main producing areas; wage income is the main support for farmers' income increase in developed regions and the central and western labor exporting provinces; transfer income and government support for farmers and Protection is inseparable; property income cannot be separated from deepening reforms, and rural land and collective operating assets need to be revitalized.

How to ensure that the momentum of increase is not weakened? It is also necessary to prescribe the prescription from the above four elements. In the new year, we must focus on the basis of improving the quality of agriculture, strengthening the channels for peasants' employment and entrepreneurship, increasing the vitality of rural reform, and strengthening the basics of rural social security. We will focus on tapping the growth potential of operating income and stabilize the growth momentum of wage income. The release of property income growth dividends and expansion of the space for transfer income growth will ensure that farmers' incomes continue to grow rapidly.

Since last year, the relevant departments have made a number of innovative deployments in tapping the potential for revenue growth. Comprehensive financial, financial, social security and other policies support farmers' entrepreneurial innovation. The total number of migrant workers returning to their hometowns has reached 4.5 million, increasing their operating and wage income. “Whoever has a variety of foods will give priority to support who” and promote the transformation of agricultural subsidy policies. Increase the transfer income of farmers and focus on supporting moderate scale operation of grain.

Farmers are not only engaged in planting and breeding, but they cannot only focus on breeding pigs. In addition to solidifying the traditional power, it is necessary to enhance the quality-increasing income of the integration of the first, second and third industries. From the international experience, Japan, South Korea and other countries have sought agricultural development from the aspects of extending the agricultural industrial chain and exerting agricultural versatility in order to increase farmers' income. This year, through the innovation of factors and systems, the agriculture will be extended and expanded before and after, and cross-border integration and coordinated development with processing and circulation, leisure tourism and e-commerce. Support all kinds of subjects to go to the countryside and the close interests of farmers, and create more employment opportunities for farmers.

Agriculture is a special industry that combines market risk and natural risk. In addition to stabilizing traditional power, it is necessary to increase the risk resistance of farmers' income. Agricultural insurance is an important means to support agricultural development and increase farmers' income. Traditional agricultural insurance is mainly a low-guarantee level of cost insurance. Focusing on highly dispersed small-scale farmers, it can no longer meet the needs of modern scale operations. In order to cope with price risk and production risk at the same time, it is necessary to establish and improve the agricultural insurance security system, develop income insurance, and gradually realize the full cost coverage from covering direct materialization costs. At present, the China Insurance Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Agriculture have initiated this work.

An important aspect of distinguishing farmers from workers is the ownership of “three plots” in rural areas. In addition to stabilizing traditional power, we must also cultivate the new kinetic energy of property income. The level of property income of farmers in China is relatively low, and the proportion of farmers' income is much lower than that of developed countries. A large number of collective land resources in rural areas have not been revitalized, and farmers’ land contractual management rights and collective income distribution rights have not been activated. At the beginning of the new year, the Ministry of Agriculture announced that it will use five years to promote the reform of the cooperative system of rural collective assets. In the future, with the continuous improvement of the rural property rights market and the improvement of the land acquisition system, there is a large room for growth in the property income of farmers.