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After the suspension agent is introduced into the glaze, the susceptibility of the glaze slurry can be increased, and the glaze thickness is uniform and the glazing operation is facilitated. Suspension agents are bentonite , artificial clay and the like. Bentonite has an extremely small particle size of less than 1 micron. It is initially difficult to disperse in water, but forms a strong colloid when water penetrates into the crystal lattice of the clay molecules, so that the precipitation of non-plastic substances can be stopped before the formation of optimal suspension properties, and can be retained for a considerable period of time. Bentonite works best at concentrations of about 0.5% to 1.0%, and if it is precipitated, it can be quickly recombined. At higher concentrations of glaze, 1.5% to 2.0% bentonite can form a thixotropic gel. Bentonite has a balancing effect on frit glazes containing even 99% of the vitrified material.
There are many varieties of bentonite, which are divided into sodium, calcium and magnesium . After the expansion of calcium and magnesium bentonite, the suspension will flocculate. Bentonite containing sodium ions tends to deagglomerate. Therefore, it should be used as appropriate.
From the perspective of ceramic process theory and production process, regardless of the scale of production, the crushed glaze frit mixture and ball mill raw materials are rarely used directly in the glazing process. This is because the rheology of the glaze suspension is necessarily affected by the particle size of several components, which often change with time. Therefore, in order to ensure the thickness of the glaze and the uniformity of the glaze layer, rheological modifiers (suspending agents, etc.) must be added to control the viscosity of the glaze, improve the thixotropic properties of the glaze, overcome the glaze precipitation, and improve the wetting. Sex, and can control the drying time and increase the glaze strength of the blank. Suspending agent is the most important glaze additive.